2007年10月自学考试《英语[二]》完整讲义[45]-学习笔记

III.课文精讲

　　第一部分：para.1

　　The new music was built out of materials already in existence： bules， rock‘n’roll， folk music. But although the forms remained， something completely new and original was made out of these older elements - more original， perhaps， than even the new musicians themselves yet realize. The transformation took place in 1966- 1967. Up to that time， the blues had been an essentially black medium. Rock‘n’roll， a blues derivative， was rhythmic dance music. Folk music， old and modern， was popular among college students. The three forms remained musically and culturally distinct， and even as late as 1965， none of them were expressing any radically new states of consciousness. Blues expressed black soul； rock was the beat of youthful energy； and folk music expressed anti-war sentiments as well as love and hope.

　　1.in existence 表示现有的，已有的。was build out of 是词组表示“从…当中产生”。

　　2.“although … remained” 是让步状语从句。

　　“completely new and original” 是一个后置定语，修饰“something”。

　　本句意思：是虽然新音乐保留了原有的形式，但某些全新的、独创性的东西从旧的

　　成分中脱颖而出的——它们也许比新音乐家意识到的还要更富有独创性。

　　3.Up to that time ，the blues had been an essentially black medium. Rock‘n’roll，

　　a blues derivative， was rhythmic dance music.

　　Up to that time， 意为“到那个时候（即新音乐产生时）为止”，表示“过去的过去”，所以谓语用过去完成时。a blues derivative 为 rock‘n’roll 的同位语。

　　4.The three forms remained musically and culturally distinct，and even as late as 1965，none of them were expressing any radically new state of consciousness.

　　musically and culturally distinct 意思是“在音乐上和文化上都是不同的”

　　new state of consciousness 指新的意识状态

　　本句意思是：新音乐是从已有的音乐：布鲁斯，摇滚乐，民间音乐中产生的。

　　第二部分 paras.2-4

　　Para.2

　　In 1966-1967 there was spontaneous transformation. In the United States， it originated with youthful rock groups playing in San Francisco. In England， it was led by the Beatles， who were already established as an extremely fine and highly inspanidual rock group. What happened， as well as it can be put into words， was this. . First the separate musical traditions were brought together. Bob Dylan and the Jefferson Airplane played folk rock， folk ideas with a rock beat.White rock groups began experimenting with the blues. Of course， white musicians had always played the blues， but essentially as imitators of the Negro style； now it began to be the white bands‘ own music. And all of the groups moved towards a broader eclecticism and synthesis. They freely took over elements from jazz， from America country music， and as time went on from even more spanerse sources .What developed was a music readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression.

　　5.In England， it was led by the Beatles， who were already established as an extremely fine and highly inspanidual rock group.

　　be established as 意为“被确认为”

　　全句大意为“在英国，这个潮流是由披头士摇滚乐队领导的，该乐队已经得到广泛认可，是一支非常优秀且极富个性的乐队。”

　　6.what happened ， as well as it can be put into words， was this.

　　as well as 像 … 一样好，比较结构，to put into words“用文字表达”

　　大意为“发生的情况，如果能用文字表达，就是这样。”

　　7.First the separate musical traditions were brought together.

　　新音乐的第一个特点：将各种分离的音乐传统结合到一起。

　　8.They freely took over elements from jazz， from America country music，and as time went on from even more spanerse sources.

　　and 后面的并列句中可以看作是省略了“they freely took over elements.”

　　“as time went on”表示“随着时间推移”，as 是连词，而“readily taking on various forms” 和 “capable of an almost limitless range of expression” 分别为现在分词短语和形容词短语作定语，修饰music.

　　本句意思是，他们自由地吸收爵士音乐、美国乡土音乐的成分，而随着时间的推移，他们甚至对各种各样的音乐兼收并蓄。

　　9.What happened was a music readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless　range of expression .

　　What happened 是主语从句。 readily taking on various forms 是现在分词短语和形容词短语 capable of an almost limitless range of expression .都是作定语，修饰 music.

　　全句大意是“最后发展成一种能轻松采取多种形式的，几乎有无穷的表现力的新音乐”