自考《英语[二]》完整讲义[46]-学习笔记

　Para.3

　　新音乐的第二个特点：广泛使用电子乐器及电子放大器技术

　　The second thing that happened was that all the musical groups began using the full range of electric instruments and the technology of electronic amplifiers. The electric guitar was an old instrument， but the new electronic effects were altogether different - so different that a new listener in 1967 might well feel that there had never been any sounds like that in the world before. Electronics did， in fact， make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce.And in studio recordings， new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce live Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume， the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand， and thereby achieving a “total” effect， so that instead of an audience of passive listeners， there were now audiences of total participants， feeling the music in all of their senses and all of their bones.

　　10.The second thing that happened was that all the musical groups began using the full range of electric instruments and the technology of electronic amplifiers.

　　句中“that happened”是一个定语从句，修饰“the second thing.” .

　　后一个“that”引导表语从句。

　　本句意思是：发生的第二件事是所有乐队都开始使用全套的电子乐器和电子扬声器技术。

　　11.so different that a new listener in 1967 might well feel that there had never been any sounds like that in the world before.

　　本句中有三个that， 第一个引导结果状语从句，第二个引导表语从句，第三个是指示代词，指的是电吉他发出的声音。注意表语从句中用的时态是过去完成时，说明电吉他的效果与1967 年前大不相同。

　　12.Electronics did， in fact， make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce.

　　did make 为强调形式。 possible 在句中作宾语补语，提前到宾语sounds前，因为它有一个较长的定语从句修饰。

　　13.And in studio recordings， new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce live.

　　本句的顺序应为“In studio recordings， new techniques made effects that not even an electronic band could produce live possible”。“effects …live” 是made 的宾语，其中that 引导定语从句，修饰effect ， 而possible 则是effects 的宾语补足语。因为effects 带有一个定语从句，从句比较长，为避免句子不平衡，因此把possible 提前。本句意思是在录音室录制时，新技术有可能制作出甚至电子乐队现场表演时也演奏不出的效果。

　　14.Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume， the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand， and thereby achieving a “total” effect， so that instead of an audience of passive listeners， there were now audiences of total participants， feeling the music in all of their senses and all of their bones.

　　分词独立结构：the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand 在句中作伴随状语。 music 是 becoming 的逻辑主语，so that 相当于结果状语从句。 feeling 现在分词短语作伴随状语。

　　Para.4

　　新音乐的第三个特点：音乐成为整个环境的一部分

　　Third， the music becomes a multi-media experience； a part of a total environment. The walls of the ballrooms were covered with changing patterns of light， the beginning of the new art of the light show. And the audience did not sit， it danced. With records at home， listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could， and heightened the whole experience by using drugs. Often music was played out of doors， where nature provided the environment.

　　15.句中 “with records at home”是with + 名词+介词短语结构，作方式状语。

　　“heightened the　whole experience” 指“使整个体验更刺激”。

　　本句意思是在家里欣赏唱片时候听众尽力模仿照明效果，甚至服用毒品来增强整个音乐享受的快感。

　　附：重点句

　　1.The new music was built out of materials already in existence： bules， rock‘n’roll， folk music.

　　2.But although the forms remained， something completely new and original was made out of these older elements - more original， perhaps， than even the new musicians themselves yet realize.

　　3.Up to that time， the blues had been an essentially black medium.

　　4.The three forms remained musically and culturally distinct， and even as late as 1965， none of them were expressing any radically new states of consciousness.

　　5.In England， it was led by the Beatles， who were already established as an extremely fine and highly inspanidual rock group.

　　6.What happened， as well as it can be put into words， was this. They freely took over elements from jazz， from America country music， and as time went on from even more spanerse sources .What developed was a music readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression.

　　7.The second thing that happened was that all the musical groups began using the full range of electric instruments and the technology of electronic amplifiers. The electric guitar was an old instrument， but the new electronic effects were altogether different - so different that a new listener in 1967 might well feel that there had never been any sounds like that in the world before. Electronics did， in fact， make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce.And in studio recordings， new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce live.Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume， the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand， and thereby achieving a “total” effect， so that instead of an audience of passive listeners， there were now audiences of total participants， feeling the music in all of their senses and all of their bones.

　　8.With records at home， listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could， and heightened the whole experience by using drugs.