2007年10月自学考试《英语[二]》完整讲义[36]-学习笔记

反义词：maximum n. 最大量，最大限制（手写板）

　　用法： Wage increases are being kept to a minimum in many companies because of the depression.

　　由于经济不景气，很多公司的工资增长都被限制在最小幅度。

　　We need a minimum of ten people to play this game. 玩这个游戏我们至少需要10个人。

　　We have reduced the costs to the minimum . 我们已将费用减至最低额。

　　employee 雇员 employer 雇主

　　incidence 发生率

　　status n. 1.情况，状况2.地位，身份 同义词：situation

　　the status of world affairs 世界形势

　　status as a scholar 学者身份

　　immigrant status 移民身份

　　status of women in society 妇女的社会地位

　　the political situation 政治面貌

　　the domestic situation 国内形式

　　the international situation 国际形式

　　to kick out　　驱逐出境

　　词组：

　　1.to bring over： 把… 带来； 使转变

　　You might bring your girlfriend over tomorrow evening. 明天晚上你不妨把你的女朋友带来。

　　What she said brought me over to her opinion. 她的话使我转而同意她的意见。

　　Can this small boat bring them over to this side of the river ？

　　这条小船能把他们运到河的那边吗？

　　相关词汇：bring up 养育，抚育； bring about 引起，带来，产生

　　2.be deserving of 值得，应得

　　He is deserving of the praise for his work.鉴于他的工作应受到这表扬。

　　The robber is deserving of capital punishment . 这个强盗应处极刑。

　　3.be supposed to ： 应该， 理应

　　You are not supposed to smoke in here. 你不应在这里吸烟。

　　Employees are supposed to be here at eight every day. 雇员们应该每天8点钟到这里。

　　III.课文精讲

　　第一部分：

　　paras.1－2

　　There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain （the exact figure is not known because the Home Office， the Government department that deals with this， does not keep statistics）。 Usually， they have been brought over by foreign businessmen， diplomats or Britons returning from abroad. ，Of these 20，000， just under 2，000 are being exploited and abused by their employers， according to a London-based campaigning group which helps overseas servants working in Britain.

　　1.本句为there be 句型的变体，working in Britain 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰servants.译文： 据统计，在英国工作的外籍家庭佣人有两万多人

　　2.括号里内容：（由于处理该项事务的政府部门-内政部-没有做过统计，精确数字不得而知）

　　原因状语从句中主语“内政部”有一个同位语。

　　3.句中“are being exploited and abused”为现在进行时被动语态，表示“正在被…剥削和凌辱”。

　　“under”的意思是“低于，不到”。

　　“- based”意为“设（驻）在…的，以…为基础的，以… 为主要手段的”。

　　例如： shore-based aircraft 岸基飞机

　　the agency‘s Paris-based press officer 该机构驻巴黎的新闻发布官。

　　本句意思：根据设在伦敦的帮助在伦敦工作的外籍家庭佣人的政治组织说，

　　在两万多外籍家庭佣人中几乎有2000人正遭受雇主的剥削和虐待。

　　The abuse can take several forms. Often the domestics are not allowed to go out， and they do not receive any payment. They can be physically， sexually and psychologically abused. And they can have their passports removed， making leaving or “escaping” virtually impossible.