2007年10月自学考试《英语[二]》完整讲义[27]-学习笔记

词组精讲：

　　1. to debate on ： 关于… 进行辩论

　　Lincoln debated Douglas on this issue. 林肯与道格拉斯就这个问题进行了辩论。

　　2. to make request for ：要求

　　He made a request for immediate help. 他要求立即给予帮助。

　　3. to opposed to ： 反对

　　He is very much opposed to my going abroad .

　　4. to open up ： 打开，开办，开辟

　　We shall open up the resources of the NW areas of our country.

　　我们将开发我国西北地区的资源。

　　They are preparing to open up a national debate. 他们正准备展开一场全国性的争论。

　　5 to take … into account ： 考虑到；估计

　　We must take local conditions into account. 我们必须考虑到当地的条件。

　　You must take her inexperience into account. 你必须考虑到她无而予以体谅。

　　相关词汇：to take … into consideration 考虑到

　　6. need for ： 对… 的需要

　　There's a growing need for cheap rented housing in the large cities.

　　大城市对廉租房的需求不断增加。

　　课文句子精讲

　　Text A

　　Euthanasia ： For and Against

　　“We mustn‘t delay any longer …… swallowing is difficult …… and breathing， that’s also difficult. Those muscles are weakening too …… we mustn‘t delay any longer.”

　　第一部分： paras.1 —— paras 4

　　Para. 1

　　1. “We mustn‘t delay any longer…” 我们不可以再拖延了

　　mustn‘t 不应该，不可以

　　not any longer 不再，再也不 ， no longer 不再

　　These were the words of Dutchman Cees van Wendel de Joode asking his doctor to help him die. Affected with a serious disease， van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.

　　Para.2

　　2. affected with a serious disease 为过去分词短语作原因状语；句中there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating 是knew 的两个宾语从句。

　　本句的意思是：范o万德尔身患重病，再也不能清楚地说话。他知道他没有希望康复，身体状况正在急剧恶化。

　　Van Wendel‘s last three months of life before being given a final， lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown， it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.

　　Para.3

　　3. Van Wendel‘s last three months of life … …were filmed

　　不可数名词前面有单位词修饰，谓语的数与单位词的数一致。

　　例：Two bottles of beer were served .

　　4. 句中“being given a final， lethal injection by his doctor”为被动结构的动名词短语，用作介词 “before”的宾语。句中“film” 用作动词，表示“将故事拍成电影”。

　　本句的意思：范o万德尔 生命的最后三个月，在接受医生给他打的最后致命一针之前，被拍成了电影并于去年首次在荷兰电视上播出。

　　5. 句中“since ”为副词，表示“从那以后”； each time 引导的是时间状语从句。

　　本句译为：“从那时起，已有20多个国家购买了这个节目，每次播放都引起对这个问题的全国性大辩论。

　　The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia， although it is not technically legal there. However， doctors who carry out euthanasia under strict guidelines introduced by the Dutch Parliament two years ago are usually not prosecuted. The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering ， that there is no chance of a cure， and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .

　　permits=allows