面向对象上机考试题—宠物进笼-学习笔记

　　Anne的宠物小屋有12个笼子，每个笼子可以放不同的动物，但只能放1只或0只，包括猫Cat，狗Dog，蛇Snake.

　　1，实现一个简单的管理系统，可增加、删除笼子中的宠物，查询每个笼子中存放的宠物类型，（包括笼子为空的情况），统计笼中宠物的种类和数量。

　　2，定义描述宠物小屋的类shelves，其中有12笼子用于存放各种宠物。

　　3，定义虚拟基类Animal，包括纯虚函数ShowMe，显示每个宠物的情况，包括类型、颜色、体重和喜爱的食物。

　　4，定义派生类Cat，Dog，Snake，具体实现上述纯虚函数。

　　5，重载输入‘>>’*作符，使得可能通过cin直接读入宠物颜色、体重和喜爱的食物。

　　6，编写main函数，测试上述要求和各种功能。

*/
#include "Stdafx.h"
#include "iostream.h"
#include "string.h"
enum {NONE=0, CAT=1, DOG=2, SNAKE=3};
class Animal
{
protected:
char color[20];
char food[20];
double weight;
public:
virtual void ShowMe()=0;
};
class Cat:public Animal
{
public:
friend istream& operator>>(istream &is, Cat &cat);
void ShowMe()
{
cout<<"猫的颜色、喜欢的食物、体重分别为:";
cout<<color<<","<<food<<","<<weight<<endl;
}
};
istream & operator>>(istream &is, Cat &cat)
{
cout<<" 请输入猫的颜色: ";
is>>cat.color;
cout<<" 喜爱的食物:";
is>>cat.food;
cout<<" 体重:";
is>>cat.weight;
return is;
}

class Dog:public Animal
{
public:
friend istream& operator>>(istream &is, Dog &Dog);
void ShowMe()
{
cout<<"狗的颜色、喜欢的食物、体重分别为:";
cout<<color<<","<<food<<","<<weight<<endl;
}
};
istream& operator>>(istream &is, Dog &dog)
{
cout<<" 请输入狗的颜色: ";
is>>dog.color;
cout<<" 喜爱的食物:";
is>>dog.food;
cout<<" 体重:";
is>>dog.weight;
return is;
}
class Snake:public Animal
{
public:
friend istream& operator>>(istream &is, Snake &snake);
void ShowMe()
{
cout<<"蛇的颜色、喜爱的食物、体重分别为：";
cout<<color<<","<<food<<","<<weight<<endl;
}
};
istream& operator>>(istream &is, Snake &snake)
{
cout<<" 请输入蛇的颜色: ";
is>>snake.color;
cout<<" 喜爱的食物: ";
is>>snake.food;
cout<<" 体重: ";
is>>snake.weight;
return is;
}
class Shelves
{
int cage[12];
int sum[3];
Cat cats[12];
Dog dogs[12];
Snake snakes[12];
//int flag[12];
//int sum_c, sum_d, sum_s;
public:
Shelves ()
{
for (int i=0; i<12; i++)
cage[i]=NONE;
for (i=0; i<4; i++)
sum[i]=0;
}
int push_cat(Cat &cat, int n)
{
cats[n] = cat;
if (cage[n]!=NONE) return 0;
else {
sum[0]++;
return cage[n]=CAT;
}
}
int push_dog(Dog &dog, int n)
{
dogs[n]=dog;
if (cage[n]!=NONE) return 0;
else{
sum[1]++;
return cage[n]=DOG;
}
}
int push_snake(Snake &snake, int n)
{
snakes[n]=snake;
if (cage[n]!=NONE) return 0;
else {
sum[2]++;
return cage[n]=SNAKE;
}
}
void del(int n)
{
if (cage[n]==CAT) sum[0]--;
if (cage[n]==DOG) sum[1]--;
if (cage[n]==SNAKE) sum[2]--;
if (cage[n]==NONE)
cout<<"笼子里没有动物"<<endl;
else
{
cage[n]=NONE;
cout<<"已删除笼子里的动物"<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
}
void seek(int n)
{
if (cage[n]==NONE) cout<<"第"<<n<<"个笼子里没有动物"<<endl;
if (cage[n]==CAT)
{
cout<<"第"<<n<<"个笼子里的动物为猫,";
cats[n].ShowMe();
}
if (cage[n]==DOG)
{
cout<<"第"<<n<<"个笼子里的动物为狗,";
dogs[n].ShowMe();
}
if (cage[n]==SNAKE)
{
cout<<"第"<<n<<"个笼子里的动物为蛇,";
snakes[n].ShowMe();
}
cout<<endl;
}
void count()
{
cout<<"笼子里的猫总共有："<<sum[0]<<"只"<<endl;
cout<<"笼子里的狗总共有："<<sum[1]<<"只"<<endl;
cout<<"笼子里的蛇总共有："<<sum[2]<<"只"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
}
};
void main()
{
char c;
Cat cat;
Dog dog;
Snake snake;
Shelves shelves;
int i=1,j;
cout<<"这是关于往笼子里放动物的问题: "<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<" 1: 往笼子里放猫；"<<endl;
cout<<" 2: 往笼子里放狗；"<<endl;
cout<<" 3: 往笼子里放蛇；"<<endl;
cout<<" 4: 查询笼子里的动物；"<<endl;
cout<<" 5: 删除笼子里的动物；"<<endl;
cout<<" 6：统计笼子里的动物种类及数量；"<<endl;
cout<<" 7: 退出程序;"<<endl;
cout<<"------------------------------------------"<<endl;
while(i)
{
cout<<"请选择您的*作：";
cin>>I;
switch(i)
{
case 1:
cout<<" 往哪只笼子里面放: ";
cin>>j;
cin>>cat;
while (shelves.push_cat(cat, j)==0)
{
cout<<" 笼子里已有动物，请换一个笼子: ";
cin>>j;
}
break;
case 2:
cout<<" 往哪只笼子里面放: ";
cin>>j;
cin>>dog;
while (shelves.push_dog(dog, j)==0)
{
cout<<" 笼子里已有动物，请换一个笼子: ";
cin>>j;
}
break;
case 3:
cout<<" 往哪只笼子里面放: ";
cin>>j;
cin>>snake;
while (shelves.push_snake(snake, j)==0)
{
cout<<" 笼子里已有动物，请换一个笼子: ";
cin>>j;
}
break;
case 4:
cout<<" 查询哪只笼子: ";
cin>>j;
shelves.seek(j);
break;
case 5:
cout<<" 删除哪只笼子里的动物: ";
cin>>j;
shelves.del(j); break;
case 6:
shelves.count(); break;
default: i=0; break;
}
cout<<endl;
}
}