2007年10月自学考试《英语[二]》完整讲义[142]-学习笔记

　2. to mistake …for： 错把…当作

　　e.g. I mistake you for your brother. 我错把你当作你的兄弟了。

　　3. to distinguish between ：分辨，区分

　　e.g. People who cannot distinguish between colors are said to be colorblind.

　　不能辨别颜色的人被称为色盲。

　　The twins look so much alike that it is difficult to distinguish between them.

　　两个双胞胎如此相似，以至于很难区分他们。

　　4. to come to terms （with）： 达成协议；妥协，习惯于

　　e.g. You need to come to terms with reality. 你必须接受现实。

　　They came to terms with the enemy secretly. 他们私自和敌人达成了协议。

　　When your friends quarrel with each other， you should help them come to terms.

　　当你的朋友吵架时，你应该帮助他们和解。

　　5. to reflect on ： 仔细考虑，反思

　　e.g. I need time to reflect on your offer. 我需要时间来考虑你的建议。

　　We must reflect carefully on the effect of TV violence on children.

　　我们必须仔细考虑电视中暴力行为对儿童的影响。

　　6. to come about ： 发生

　　e.g. Can you tell me how the accident came about？ 你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？

　　Good books come about as a result of hard work. 好书的产生是努力工作的结果。

　　7. to make over ： （财产）转让，移交；改造

　　e.g. His wealth was made over to his children. 他的财产被移交给了他的孩子。

　　He has been made over into a new man. 他已经完全改变成了另一个人。

　　8 to speculate on 思索，推测，猜测

　　e.g. A spokesperson declined to speculate on the cause of the train crash.

　　发言人拒绝对火车失事原因进行猜测。

　　课文详解：

　　The Computer and The Poet

　　The essential problem of man in a computerized age remains the same as it has always been. That problem is not solely how to be more productive， more comfortable， more content， but how to be more sensitive， more sensible， more proportionate， more alive. The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency； it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.①

　　man前面没加任何惯词的时候就是人类。

　　men（复数）

　　human being（s）

　　the race

　　age（年龄、年代、时代）；era（同意词）

　　not solely相当于not only……but……（不仅…而且…）

　　how to（并列结构）

　　1.句中makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency 是VCO结构，其中a marvelous leap in human proficiency 是宾语，由于宾语较长，因此把宾补possible 提到了前面。

　　SVOC 主、谓、宾、宾补。

　　VCO（宾语和宾补进行倒置）

　　计算机使人类进步发生飞跃的变化；它在实际上乃至理论上扫除制约人类智能发展的障碍。课文第一句译文：人类在计算机化时代所面临的根本问题一如既往。这个问题不仅仅是要提高生产力（如何更有成效），使人们更舒适、更满足，而且是怎样才能更有情感、更理智、更均衡、更有活力。

　　But the question persists and indeed grows whether the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know who they really are， to identity their real problems， to respond more fully to beauty， to place adequate value on life， and to make their world safer than it now is.②

　　2.句中whether后面一直到句子结尾都是question 的同位语从句，为了避免头重脚轻，谓语persists and indeed grows提前，插在了主语question 和其同位语之间。在whether 从句中，make it easier or harder for human beings to …是一个VOC结构，it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是并列的五个不定式短语。

　　但是，涉及到人类对自身的认识，对实际存在的问题的辨别，对美的更充分的理解，

　　对怎样给生活更充分的价值，怎样使人类世界比现在更安全等方面，计算机给人类带来的

　　究竟是更大的便利还是更多的困难，这个问题依然存在，而且变得日益严重。

　　例：My brother is often late for school while my sister rarely is.

　　Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research. But they can‘t eliminate the foolishness and decay that come from the unexamined life. Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected to - the reality of pain in others； the possibilities of creative growth in himself； the memory of the race； and the rights of the next generation③